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Process optimization and characterization of activated carbons from Amygdalus pedunculata shell by zinc chloride activation

Y. SHU1, C. LI1, B. CHEN1, W. BAI1, Y. SHEN1,*

Affiliation

  1. Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education / College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Alcohol Ether and Biomass Energy Engineering Resear

Abstract

The use of high carbonous, huge amount and low-cost agricultural wastes as feedstock for production of activated carbon is an effective means for reducing environmental pollution and increasing economic benefits. In this work, Activated carbons were produced from Amygdalus pedunculata shell with zinc chloride as activating agent using Box-Behnken design. The effects of process variables (concentration of zinc chloride, activation time, and activation temperature) on textural and chemical-surface properties of activated carbon were studied. The yield and adsorption capacity (iodine and methylene blue) of activated carbons were evaluated by three quadratic models, analysis of variance, and three-dimensional surface plots using Design-Expert software. The predicted results by the models were found to be in good agreement with the experimental results for activated carbons prepared in the optimum conditions as follows: yield (48.8%), iodine value (1448 mg/g), and methylene blue value (280 mg/g). The activated carbons obtained under the best conditions were characterized using N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)..

Keywords

Amygdalus pedunculata shell, Activated carbon, Zinc chloride, Box-Behnken design.

Submitted at: July 15, 2014
Accepted at: Jan. 21, 2015

Citation

Y. SHU, C. LI, B. CHEN, W. BAI, Y. SHEN, Process optimization and characterization of activated carbons from Amygdalus pedunculata shell by zinc chloride activation, Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials Vol. 17, Iss. 1-2, pp. 182-191 (2015)